Post area of International concern here.
Marks will be given for:
Uniqueness (No repetition.) 5pts
Organized Data (Data can be comprehended at a glance.) 5pts
Relevance of Information (What can we use the information for?) 5pts
Use IR jargon.
Online classroom of Ronald Castillo y Maglaqui, Professor of Political Science at the University of Santo Tomas - Faculty of Arts and Letters. But for the time being, starting 2022, this blog serves as a student's public notebook of thoughts while he undertakes his international PhD in Asia Pacific Studies at National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan. Reach him through rmcastillo@ust.edu.ph
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LORENO, Andrea Nicole C.
ReplyDeletePopulated by natives, Alaska was considered before as a country with no development. But the discovery of gold in the place had attracted the attention of many business men around the world. This country though, is more than just one of the “hidden treasures” of the world.
Alaska has been a very important strategic location of the Americans. This is exemplified during the Second World War. Military bases such as Fort Richardson and Elmendorf Air Force Base had been built in the place. Japan had once tried to seize the islands of Attu and Kiska. But together with the Alaska Territorial Guard, these islands were recovered (Young, 2013). Moreover, located in the south and west of Alaska is the Pacific Ocean. Alaska then, can be considered as a strategic location in terms of industrial activities and businesses. It was called as the “second or third largest cargo hauler in the world” (Belgich, 2009). Because of its location, Alaska has an advantage over any other countries in reaching different, significant countries such as Japan and Russia. It is an important place which houses largest military equipment, a distinguished air strategic location (as proved during World War II) and an effective trade setting which makes it one of the world’s most strategic places especially in times of conflict and war.
Alaska's location: https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Alaska,+USA/@62.5518168,-135.7037307,5z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x5400df9cc0aec01b:0xbcdb5e27a98adb35
Navarro, Lou Antonelle D.
ReplyDeleteNamibia is located in the south-west of Africa bordering South Africa, Botswana, Zambia and Angola. It covers 824,000 square kilometers, but accommodates a small population of just 2 million people (Rena, 2013). Namibia is considered to be a young country with a modernizing infrastructure and its economy is undergoing transformations. There have been agreements that have been reached on the privatization of several more enterprises in coming years, with hopes that this will stimulate much needed foreign direct investment (Rena, 2013).
The landscape in Namibia is composed of five geographical areas, each having different characteristics with regard to climate, soil, water, geology, physiography and vegetation along with some variation and overlap between them: the Central Plateau, the Namib Desert, the Great Escarpment, the Bushveld, and the Kalahari Desert. The geographical position of Namibia favors their economic interaction in the delineated region of South Africa. Namibia is also in a crucial position for economic integration with its neighboring border countries that also serves as their key trading partners. Namibia is also a place for foreign involvement, particularly involvement in natural resource extraction, from three sources: China, South Africa, and the United States.
Location:
https://www.expertafrica.com/namibia/google-map
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ReplyDeleteADORA, Gabriel D.
ReplyDeleteThe Strait of Hormuz is located in between Iran, which controls the northern coast, and Oman, which controls the southern coast along with the United Arab Emirates. Basically, the strait is a waterway used to ship oil. What makes it important, however, is that it is so narrow, that it has only two shipping lanes that are utilized by large vessels— its widest point is at 180 kilometers long, and at its narrowest, only 45 kilometers— and that despite this narrowness, it transits 15.5 - 17.5 million barrels per day, which is equivalent to 20 percent of the world’s traded oil, making it one of the world’s most prominent chokepoints (Emerson & Stevens, 2012). This means that it allows the shipping of 6.38 billion barrels of oil per year. The shipments made within this narrow gulf reaches out not only to the Persian Gulf and Arabian Peninsula but also to the important economies in Asia, such as Japan, India, China, and South Korea.
Iran controls a greater part of the strait and therefore has more authority when it comes to using the waterway for its advantage. Many times have Iran utilized the strait as a political move in order to put the situation under their control (Bodnar, 2015)— they threaten their attackers by announcing that the strait will be closed— even in mere naval skirmishes such as in 2007 and in 2008, when some wars occurred in the strait itself between Iran and the United States. The southern authority of the waterway said that if U.S. attacks them, they will close off the strait in order to greatly impair the oil market (Bodnar, 2015). Its closing, however, never happened. Although studies have been made saying that Iran would dare to seal off the strait (Jenkins, 2006; Blair &Lieberthal, 2007; Henderson, 2006), even for just a period of time, the fact that their country is a large exporter of oil (and taking into consideration how much oil it ships per day) and that their economy greatly depends on it makes the decision just as difficult on the part of Iran (Nader, 2012).
Knowledge of the Strait of Hormuz can be used not only in evaluating the geopolitics of the Middle East and being informed of the economic importance of waterways but also in determining what resort can the other countries use when Iran, if ever it shows off belligerence, threatens to close the strait again for self-interested purposes— and with Iran being accused as sending the rebel forces as a proxy in the Yemeni civil war (Leverett & Leverett, 2015), such threats can indeed occur once again.
Location:
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Strait+of+Hormuz/@26.6074909,55.8564657,9z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x3ef7184c25840e51:0x3d7b86ccdd367e5a
The Black Sea is located between Southeast Europe and West Asia. It is bounded by Europe,the Caucasus and Anatolia. It goes to the Mediterranean and into the Atlantic Ocean, through the other straits and the Aegean Sea. It has an area of 436,400 km2. It is borded by the countries; Ukraine, Russia, Georgia, Romania, Turkey, and Bulgaria. The Black Sea has been known throughout history as an important location for trade, commerce and military. This is because of the vastness of the Black Sea, passing through different regions through its being connected by various straits. This allows different kinds of interactions among regions connected by the Black Sea (Aybak, 2001).
ReplyDeleteThe Black Sea is being used by Russia as a means in extending naval power projected towards Ukraine, the Balkans and Turkey after its annexation of Crimea (Klus, 2014). The Black Sea is an advantageous location for defensive and offensive military strategies against other countries, especially the neighboring ones.
Location
https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Black+Sea/@43.6880277,30.1183917,6z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x405db94b77d2f233:0xfe5cd6c659adc698?hl=en
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ReplyDeletePicturesque, pacifying, peaceful – Malta’s location in the heart of the Mediterranean Sea not only lures artists and travelers alike, it also binds the entire region to the rest of Europe. It is an island with a total area of 316 km2 and a population of more than 400,000 people, having an economy centered on tourism and foreign trade (Goodwin, 2002). Although, it is merely a size of a doubled Washington DC, it has the monopoly of trade and relations in the Mediterranean region – this is due to the fact that it has three large harbors namely: The Grand Harbor, Marsamxett Harbour - and the Malta Freeport, which is one of the busiest ports in the world (AAPA, 2009). This allows a continuous flow of shipments within the Europe-Africa-Middle East triangle, which is equally beneficial to other inhabited islands in the Mediterranean.
ReplyDeleteGiven its strategic position, European integration had been Malta’s priority after its independence but it was not until 2004 that it became an official member of the EU (Archer, 2007). This was a stepping stone for Malta’s foreign relations since being a member of the EU guarantees inclusion in the European market, resulting in an economic boom for the former. Despite Malta’s overall progress as a sovereign state, and as a potential key player of the EU, a question still stands: How will Malta boost the benefits of being situated in such a strategic geopolitical area? Perhaps, if done unerringly, the Pearl of the Mediterranean may bring back glory to the once forgotten treasure.
Location: https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Malta/@35.9439045,14.0991314,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x130e45281d8647c5:0xf582d86136be4239
Chittorgarh Fort is a good military base that stands on a 590ft hill that spans 3 square kilo meters in width. It hosts enough vegetation and water nearby that would last for 4 years even if 50,000 people were to inhabit it (Viyogi, 2002). Being on higher ground, forces from below will be discouraged to attack--even if they decide to do so it will not be without disadvantage should the fort be armed with enough artillery.
ReplyDeleteThe location is considered as a national treasure and attracts a lot of locals and foreigners to the place to visit, this in the same time is it's disadvantage because it cannot be used to maximize it's military purpose. Many foreign leaders are taken to this sacred place in order to enjoy a different side of India when there is a national deal to be made, or if international relations between states is to be made better (Joshi, 2006).
LOCATION:
https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Chittorgarh+Fort/@24.8915391,74.6425247,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x3968a0f41033ea0d:0x4ef923088d726382
EVA, Sarah Angela D.
ReplyDeleteAddressed as one of the great accomplishments of the 20th century, a 50-mile long waterway called Panama Canal was created by the Americans across the Isthmus of Panama that connects the Atlantic and Pacific oceans (Nix, 2014). This canal was created as a shortcut for the ships that travel in a longer route in the Cape Horn below the continent of South America and this was also considered as one of the world’s most important strategic maritime trade routes. In fact, the United States desired a canal connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans for some military and economic explanations throughout the 1800s and thought of constructing the Panama Canal (Notteboom & Rodrigue, 2013). Panama Canal is important in the economy of the United States because their imports and exports pass through the canal daily making the country a global power both in terms of economy and military. The United States had a complete sovereignty to this passage because of the treaty that has been made between them and the state of Panama called Hay-Bunau-Varilla (Notteboom & Rodrigue, 2013). This treaty is all about how the United States assured the freedom of Panama and the agreement between them regarding the rights to the said zone. This Panama Canal is a geopolitical strategy to make the United States the most powerful nation on earth.
Location: https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Panama+Canal,+Panama/@9.0953891,-79.8957631,10z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x8fab5f4b31cd492d:0xd9dd11e7a14a0960
The Strait of Malacca named after the Malacca sultanate that ruled the archipelago between 1400-1501, is a narrow body of water between the Malay peninsula and the Indonesian island of Sumatra that connects the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. It is also one of the busiest yet dangerous shipping lane in the world which has a distance of 805 km (500 miles) where one-fourth of the world's goods pass every year, including Middle East oil bound for Japan, Chinese manufacturers going to Europe, and Indonesian coffee to be exported in Amsterdam.
ReplyDeleteOf the 445 piracy cases in 2003, most of it (121) occurred in Indonesian waters including the Malacca strait due to the fact that pirate groups operate from the coves and deltas of Indonesian islands along the straits(Freeman,2005).
Strait of Malacca can be highlighted as an international issue between Indonesia and Malaysia due to the fact that the strait can give both states economic advantage or domination over the region which can be a great use for the country that can control it.
LOCATION:https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Malacca+Strait/@4.1883461,94.9922736,6z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x3035c1450ba4e5c9:0xf486b1a0e32acab1?hl=en
The Strait of Malacca named after the Malacca sultanate that ruled the archipelago between 1400-1501, is a narrow body of water between the Malay peninsula and the Indonesian island of Sumatra that connects the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. It is also one of the busiest yet dangerous shipping lane in the world which has a distance of 805 km (500 miles) where one-fourth of the world's goods pass every year, including Middle East oil bound for Japan, Chinese manufacturers going to Europe, and Indonesian coffee to be exported in Amsterdam.
ReplyDeleteOf the 445 piracy cases in 2003, most of it (121) occurred in Indonesian waters including the Malacca strait due to the fact that pirate groups operate from the coves and deltas of Indonesian islands along the straits(Freeman,2005).
Strait of Malacca can be highlighted as an international issue between Indonesia and Malaysia due to the fact that the strait can give both states economic advantage or domination over the region which can be a great use for the country that can control it.
LOCATION:https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Malacca+Strait/@4.1883461,94.9922736,6z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x3035c1450ba4e5c9:0xf486b1a0e32acab1?hl=en
Located at the country of Russia is the Volga River, which is considered as the longest river in Europe for it flows through central Russia down to the Caspian Sea, and the largest river when it comes to discharge and watershed. It was designated as Russia’s national river since it has a symbolic meaning in Russian culture. The Volga River is comprised of four important tributaries (Kama, Oka, Vetluga, Sura) which form the Volga river system. It has a good strategic location most especially because it occupied an important role in the movements of people coming from Asia to Europe. It also became the cradle of the Proto-Indo-European civilization and the place where the Huns and some Turkic people in the first millennium settled. It was also considered as one of the reasons for the Russian victory against Germans because the Germans never made a sustained attempt to cross the river of Volga which serves as a river barrier.
ReplyDeleteTrade is one of the important factors in economy, and the Volga River serves as an important trade route connecting Northern Europe and the Northwestern Russia and was also used to trade with Muslim countries. String of huge dams and reservoirs lined the river and all of its reservoir complexes include hydroelectric power stations and navigation locks. The total of eight hydroelectric stations has the capacity to generate 11 million kilowatts of power (Kuzin, 1951) which is a huge help in the economy.
The richness and uniqueness of the geographical location of the Volga River caters an immense impact on economy and power supply that can be of great help to the state which it is located and the neighboring countries and nations.
Location:
https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Volga+River,+Russia/@46.6935356,47.2331157,12z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x41abfea34a299a3b:0x82d872a65cbe9fbb
BLANCO, Juan Miguel O.
ReplyDeleteCrimea, located in the northern coast of the Black sea is a huge chunk of land that is situated in Ukraine and currently annexed by Russia. It's strategic geopolitical location makes it valuable to countries because it provides easy access to Mediterranean where almost every major country in the world may be traversed by ships.
The current issue between Ukraine and Russia mostly revolves around Crimea and because of its inhabitants, which are made up mainly by Russians. With the uneasy relations of Russia with the EU and its allies, the land makes a great military location as it can provide Russia a base that can both serve as frontline defense and attacker in case of a military struggle occurring.
Location: https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Crimea/@45.2858459,32.3201045,7z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x40ea51e9edc7fa91:0xf6b10a07a2689492
VILLA, Marko Antonio DR.
ReplyDeletePrior to the beginning of the Common Era, East Asia and the Mediterranean, even with the great distance between them, has had contact. Warriors from all the lands, pilgrims searching for new homes, and traders aiming on getting wealthy had traveled along the silk road from Syria and Rome in the west until as as China in the east. The Silk Road went through three golden eras: (1) Second Century BCE to Second Century CE, (2) Seventh Century to Tenth Century, and (3) Twelfth Century to Fourteenth Century. The most notable of the Silk Road is the trade that had come by flowing through it, and second is the culture that was brought in with the trade (Wild 1992).
What is interesting is that the Silk Road was once important, but today in the present world, that emergece is resurging. The routes went through deserts and as such, a discovery of oil was not far from it, and then moreover, the trade routes are being open once more around the parts of Russia and China for the flow of monir consumer goods. And more recently, with the intervention from the west, it has become restored and has even been crafted into a tourist spot to see where people of the past such as Marco Polo had taken his footsteps, graves along the silk road were even found with murals and expensive cloths (Adler, 2012).
The economic and socio-cultural sector of the past world flourished because of the silk road. Like any trade route, it enabled far away men to travel to far away places and bring with them their trade. With hopes of getting wealthy, they spread around the globe unknowingly spreading the cultures of their homes with them wherever they went thereby sharing to the rest of the world products unique only to them and cultures even more unique to the rest of the world.
The richness of culture blossomed like the explosion of a sakura tree, spreading culture from around the different parts of the world and sharing it with the rest of the world. And trade spread like a plague. And what a great product it did create from all that trade and from all that culture: China.
https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=z_bbPhfRCUkA.kJeoG494SZKg&hl=en
BATO, Katrina Erika M.
ReplyDeleteThe Bab el-Mandeb Strait or the “Gate of Tears” is one of the strategic locations all over the world that continues to be significant geographically, politically, economically and militarily even up to the present time (Al-Yadoomi, 1991). It is located between Yemen (northeast), Djibouti and Eritrea (southwest), and links the Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden and the Arabian Sea. Because of its prime location, the Bab al-Mandeb is considered as a chokepoint between the Horn of Africa and the Middle East, as well as a strategic link between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean. The strait is 18 miles wide at its narrowest point, and is divided into two channels by the Perim island—the eastern channel known as Bab Iskender which is only 2 miles wide and the western channel called Dact-el-Mayum which is 16 miles wide—limiting the traffic to only two channels for inbound and outbound shipments.
Its usefulness have been proven over the centuries with the building of the Suez Canal, the zenith of the British Empire, the naval blockade implemented by Egypt on Israel in 1973, and more recently, with the Yemeni interest in the politics of the Horn of Africa, and dependence of Europe on the Arabian Gulf for the production and supplication of oil. Just in 2013, it was estimated that 3.8 million bbl/d of crude oil and other petroleum products were transported to Europe and the United States through the Bab al-Mandeb (Ryan, 2015). Basically, most exports from the Gulf and other parts of Asia must pass through Bab al-Mandeb before entering the Suez Canal and the SUMED Pipeline, making it the most direct route between Europe and the Asian markets. It follows then that upon the strait’s closure, tankers would be forced to divert their routes to the Southern tip of Africa, testing the tanker capacity and adding transit time and cost. However, the trouble that the closure would bring goes beyond oil shipments as it would also affect commercial shipments that would be forced to go overland across the Middle East and Africa (for Gulf shipments) or though the long route of the Cape of Good Hope (for Europe to Asia cargos).
LOCATION:
https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Bab-el-Mandeb/@12.5832818,43.1932464,11z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x1618efd6a345e341:0xf4918a358259b0f0
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ReplyDeleteLavarias, Regina Purita B.
ReplyDeleteThe Cocos Islands or also known as the Keeling Islands are considered as a territory of the Australian Indian Ocean. It is situated 2, 290 miles west of Darwin, 560 miles southwest of Christmas Island and northwest of Perth. It is located midway between Australia and Sri Lanka. The islands cover about 14 square kilometers for having 2 atolls and 27 coral islands however, only 2 of them are inhabited- the Home Island and the West Island. The US acting as a balancer to Asia and China rising its way to control the South China Sea yields the Indian Ocean’s small islands play a major role in the region making it as a center arena for great power politics thus, having control and command of these islands will lead countries to being a successful maritime player in the Indo-Pacific region (Baruah, 2015).
The Cocos Islands have a great strategic location because of the significant Source Line of Codes that passes through the region. Despite that it does not offer any military companies for use at present, United States can use them for future establishment of their own military bases when competing with other countries’ search for a strategic location in the Indian Ocean. In a report of the Australian Defense Analyst Rose Babbage, the Cocos Keeling Islands can help Australia to expand further their power in terms of supervision and surveillance, air security, and military operations in either land or maritime (Baruah, 2015). The Cocos Islands are a great asset for testing naval ships, reloading submarines and warships with fuel and armaments. In addition to that, the Cocos Islands also function as a Forward Operating Base for replenishing Long Range Maritime Patrol (LRMP) aircrafts (Kopp, 2012).
Location:
https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Cocos+(Keeling)+Islands/@-12.1707878,96.8067195,13z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x2f0ec5897ee869c1:0xdbd142f010e39fa6?hl=en
DE JESUS, Laurena
ReplyDeleteThe Korean demilitarized zone (DMZ) is a 238 kilometer long expanse of land in between North Korea and South Korea is arguably one of the most volatile places in this world (O’Neill, 2003). This military border was created by the 1953 armistice agreement between the North and South Korea (O’Neill, 2003). It is still a symbol of the division of the Korean peninsula with North and South Korea technically still at war with each other. This border is a key geopolitical hotspot serving as a barrier preventing armed conflict between the two Koreas. Thus, this strip of land is heavily guarded by the two contending Korean forces, with the involvement of international actors such as the United States and the United Nations. This demilitarized zone ironically against its name is filled with land mines sown in its ground, with each side standing at military alert for any possible incursion. (O’Neill, 2003) This tensed situation in this geographic point is due to the fact that the DMZ is an initial point of entry for a possible military invasion of either North or South Korea. At this hostile geopolitical zone an approximately 800 military personnel lost their lives between 1953-1999 (Potts, 1999).
Just August of this year, a recent land mine explosion in the DMZ injured two South Korean soldiers which was perceived as an attack from North Korea (Sang-Hun, 2015). South Korea retaliated by blaring propaganda using loudspeakers towards North Korean territory, an exercise of psychological warfare (Sang-hun, 2015). During this tensed atmosphere between the two Koreas in the DMZ, both parties undertook high-level talks which resulted to an apology of North Korea over the land mine explosion (Kim, 2015). In conclusion, the DMZ is a geopolitical hotspot which highlights the continuing hostility between North and South Korea. However, despite of this circumstances the student hopes for a resolution in this conflict and a possible reunification of the peninsula. As in the middle of the dangerous DMZ, there is a Panmunjom hall, the place where North and South Koreans conduct diplomatic talks (O'Connor, 2015). A symbol of peace in the midst of the field of land mine in the DMZ.
Thus, the relevance of this information about the DMZ lies in the idea that despite of the conflict between two countries. The maintenance of the DMZ symbolizes a respect for an international agreement of truce against war. Thus, this can be emulated in conflict areas in the world, by establishing a border respected by both parties. At the same time, maintaining the possibility pf peace and resolution between the opposing parties. As in the middle of the dangerous DMZ, there is a Panmunjom hall, the place where North and South Koreans conduct diplomatic talks (O'Connor, 2015). A symbol of peace in the midst of the field of land mine in the DMZ. Thus, these information about the DMZ shows that despite of armed conflict and hostility, there is a possibility of diplomacy and a chance for peace which can be emulated by the world.
Location: https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=zmv8lbW-9Nic.kTBAfPD-6YLI&hl=en
MANALASTAS, Claudette Irene S.
ReplyDeleteAndaman and Nicobar Islands, also known as ANI, of India are a chain of 572 islands. The most remarkable feature of the islands is their location. According to the findings of Smith (2014) for his research book, ANI covers 500 miles north to south at the western entrance of the Strait of Malacca; they straddle one of the most critical naval and trade chokepoints in the world.
Some would compare ANI to American’s Indian Ocean military outpost at Diego Garcia, but ANI has more valuable location. The islands occupied a marginal position in India’s strategic consciousness until October 2001, until Delhi established a new Andaman and Nicobar Command (ANC) in the local capital, Port Blair. The ANC is India’s first and only joint tri-service command, with rotating three-star commanders-in-chief from the Army, Navy and Air Force reporting directly to the chairman of the Chiefs of Staff Committee. Because of this, ANI now serves as the focal point of Indian engagement with Southeast Asia’s different regional navies. This includes bi-annual coordinated patrols with the navies of Thailand and Indonesia, the annual SIMBEX maritime exercises with Singapore, and the biennial Milan multilateral naval exercises. ANC’s additional tasks, according to Smith, include maritime surveillance, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, as well as suppressing gun running, narcotics smuggling, piracy, and poaching in India’s EEZ. Aside from these, a magazine published by the Indian Ministry of Defense notes the ANC’s mandate also includes “ensuring that the eastern approaches to the Indian Ocean comprising the three straits – Malacca, Lombok and Sunda – remain free from threats for shipping” as well as “monitoring ships passing through the Six Degree and Ten Degree Channels.” This responsibility is critical according to Smith because vast majority of international trade transiting the Strait of Malacca passes through the 200-kilometer-wide Six Degree Channel between the Indonesian island of Aceh and Great Nicobar, home to the Indian Navy’s newest air base. This means the bulk of container traffic through the Strait of Malacca also passes through India’s EEZ.
Location: https://www.google.com.ph/maps/dir/Andaman+and+Nicobar+Islands,+India/Andaman+and+Nicobar+Islands,+India/@11.7375483,92.6578394,14z/data=!4m13!4m12!1m5!1m1!1s0x3064a00f2b650ff3:0xce80055648fccb2c!2m2!1d92.6586401!2d11.7400867!1m5!1m1!1s0x3064a00f2b650ff3:0xce80055648fccb2c!2m2!1d92.6586401!2d11.7400867
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ReplyDeleteMIGUEL, Juan Inigo S.
ReplyDeleteBosphorus, a word comes from the Thracian which means “passage of a cow”, is a strait that connects the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara makes itself to be a part of the seafarer’s strategic waterway (ISTANBUL, 2015).
Stretching for 32 kilometers , the Bosphorus strait divides the Europe and the Asian part of Istanbul, it serve as one of the most important routes for the shipping companies that carries oil from Russia and delivers it to western Asia. Hence, the strategic area of business in Bosphorus plays an important role to the world economy for it hasten the delivery of oils, and transportation of different water vessels. Because of its good location, it serves as the shortcut of ships from Europe to Asia. Bosphorus strait accommodates 48,000 ships such as oil tankers, local fishing ship and ferries and approximately 55 million tones of oil enters this waterway annually (ISTANBUL, 2015). This strait is denser than the Panama Canal and Suez Canal due to number of ships that passes through the strait annually (ISTANBUL, 2015).
Location:
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Bosphorus,+Turkey/@41.1194435,29.0924441,15z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x14cacaf6a1b454cf:0x7bab8b9dc19261dc
FERNANDEZ, Francis Mark A.
ReplyDeleteKhokhok Kra or popularly known as the Kra Isthmus, is situated in the narrow neck of southern Myanmar (Burma) and Thailand, connecting the Malay Peninsula to the Asian mainland. The isthmus lies between the Gulf of Thailand to the east and the Andaman Sea to the west. It is 25–30 miles (40–48 km) wide at its narrowest point, between Chumphon and Kra Buri which is both located in Thailand. Kra Buri, for which it was named, is at the head of the Pakchan River estuary, an inlet of the Andaman Sea.
In the long term, the flourishing economy of Thailand would basically not hurt nor damage any member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) but the prosperity of 67 million Thai people would rather enrich and improve an increasingly important grouping. The Kra Isthmus, by serving as the shortcut, the distance between the Indian Ocean and the Far East by more than 1000 kilometers the Kra Canal would not just benefit international business but would also create new opportunities for the countries located close to the new route.
https://www.google.com/maps/place/Isthmus+of+Kra,+Khron,+Sawi+District,+Chumphon+86130,+Thailand/@10.3332908,98.8599133,11z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x30561ab9b333a601:0x6bf98414bbd67b7b
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ReplyDeleteCastillo III, Horacio Tomas T.
ReplyDeleteThe Banc Du Geyser is a submerged reef located northeast of the Mozambique Channel and 128 km Northeast from Mayotte, a French Administrative region, 112 km Southwest Glorioso Islands and 200 km of the Northwestern Coast of Madagascar. This reef is part of the Mozambique channel in which France and Comoros are claiming that this reef is part of their Exclusive Economic Zone.
The relevance of this reef is that since it is part of the Indian Ocean and is a part of a the Mozambique Channel covers trade routes between the western hemisphere and eastern hemisphere. Since this is a vital trade route, whichever nation gets to claim that this reef is part of their EEZ, it can provide a significant economic boost for that nation.
https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Banc+du+Geyser/@-12.3439779,45.3090973,8z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x220cbbf93e2e32c5:0xbb4762d10119a2e0
ESPINOZA, Patricia Rachelle C.
ReplyDeleteCorregidor Island is strategically located at the entrance of Manila Bay, just south of Bataan province, Luzon, Philippines. (Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2014) It is known as the Rock to every American soldier, sailor and Marine who served there. It is a tadpole-shaped island fortress of which the Americans used as a base during the war against the Japanese during World War II. (Sloan, 2012) It was where one of the toughest battle in history took place and it became the last place to surrender and to be invaded by the Japanese army. The Filipinos and Americans considered Corregidor Islands as the safest place they could hide to during the war. The fall of Corregidor signified the fall of the Philippines under the Japanese army. (Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2014)
Beginning on the morning of April 10, 1942 Corregidor Island stood alone against the Japanese juggernaut that had just consumed the Bataan Peninsula two miles away. Corregidor was strategically located at the entrance of Manila Bay, one of Asia's finest natural harbors. The control of Corregidor meant control of the bay. It is often called the Gibralter of Asia, Corregidor became the headquarters of the Allied forces and also the seat of the Philippine Commonwealth government. (Sloan,2012) It is now a national shrine commemorating the battle fought there by U.S. and Filipino forces against overwhelming numbers of Japanese during World War II. (Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2014)
Location:
https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=zuP3A4-b9edk.kCuprjjjRO4c&hl=en
EMPLEO, Marry Vanette E.
ReplyDeleteAthens today is the scene of violent social protest, fast-increasing poverty and rising political tension, which were all present before, and even during the Golden Age in classical times when Athens produced the philosophers, the architects, the political thinkers and the poets who in turn shaped all Western civilization. (BBC News, 2012)
It was where the Battle of Marathon was fought in 490 BC, and where the Athenians' citizen army defeated the vastly numerically superior forces of Persian tyranny. It's still the most important battle in Western history. The battle of Marathon is one of history's most famous military engagements. Their victory over the Persian invaders gave the fledgling Greek city states confidence in their ability to defend themselves and belief in their continued existence. The battle is therefore considered a defining moment in the development of European culture. (eyewitnesstohistory.com, 2006).
Location: https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=zwwVSKW9LeLM.kM_6riwO8GCs&hl=en_US
DELA CUEVA, Jojee Rose G.
ReplyDeleteIt is recorded that Egypt was the first country to dig a canal across its land with a view to activate world trade. The 101 mile (163 km) long and 984 feet (300 m) wide canal, called the Suez Canal, is considered to be the shortest link between the east and the west due to its unique geographic location. It is an artificial sea-level waterway running north to south across the Isthmus of Suez in Egypt to connect the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. The canal separates the African continent from Asia, and it provides the shortest maritime route between Europe and the lands lying around the Indian and western Pacific Ocean. Considered as the first artificial canal to be used in travel and trade, the Suez Canal is often called the “crossroads to Europe, Africa, and Asia” because the route is used to transport goods to and from all three continents. (Dowling, 2011)
The canal was closed to navigation twice in the contemporary period. The first closure was brief, coming after the tripartite British-French-Israeli invasion of Egypt in 1956, an invasion primarily motivated by the nationalization of the waterway. In November 1956, the Suez Crisis ended when the United Nations arranged a truce between the four nations. The Suez Canal then reopened in March 1957 (Suez Canal Authority, 2008). Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the Suez Canal was closed several more times because of conflicts between Egypt and Israel. In 1962, Egypt made its final payments for the canal to its original owners (the Universal Suez Ship Canal Company) and the nation took full control of the Suez Canal. (Suez Canal Authority, 2008)
Almost immediately after its opening, the Suez Canal had a significant impact on world trade as goods were moved around the world in record time. Known as the shortest way between east and west, it merges culture which helps to the integration of financial markets. (Briney, 2011) The Canal makes trade between the developed countries and the developing countries possible. Suez Canal, with its history and importance, gives Egypt a strategic power to affect world trade by having a transportation road between developing and developed countries. It also gives companies the advantage of cheap transportation. With all of these, It is beneficial for world economy and it empowers the globalization process.
Location: https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=zSvQlwAEukZc.kPAMIZMjnp4Q&hl=en
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteTACBOBO, Ma. Vina P.
ReplyDeleteThe basin of the Salween River, also known as Nu River in China and Thanlwin River in Myanmar, is approximately 2, 400 km long and the second longest river in Southeast Asia after the Mekong River. The river originates 4, 000 m above sea level on the mountain of Tangula in the Himalayas then flows southward 1,500 miles (2,400 km) through Yunnan province, China, and eastern Myanmar, emptying into the Gulf of Martaban of the Andaman Sea at Moulmein. It is also known as the “Grand Canyon of the East” for the reason that, the river cuts deep into the earth to create spectacular views and flows to the landscape and peculiar biodiversity in China thus, the UNESCO World Heritage Committee proclaimed the region a World Heritage Site in 2003. After two months of receiving the World Heritage designation, the Yunnan provincial government declared its intention to build a 13-dam cascade on China’s portion of the river (International Rivers, 2012). The governments of Burma and Thailand are also pushing seven dams and a water diversion project for the lower Salween, despite the ongoing conflicts near the dam sites between the Burmese army and ethnic groups in Karenni, Karen and Shan states.
More than 10 million people, representing at least 13 different ethnic groups, depend on the Salween river basin for their livelihoods: fisheries are a major source of dietary protein, and the river’s nutrients nourish vegetable gardens in the dry season and fertilize farmland thus, can be considered as one of the significant areas that should be improve. Due to the importance of the Salween River as the source of living in countries such as China Thailand and Myanmar, they are independently planning to build dams on the river. China announced to build 13 hydropower projects which has been protested by the groups in Thailand, Myanmar and environmental human rights organizations because China did not consult other countries that will be affected by the plan. After a strong opposition from Thailand and Myanmar, China suspends the plan. In 2004, Thailand and Myanmar had a joint venture of constructing five hydro-powered dams and did not consult China. Due to the different motives of these three countries in the Salween River, a concrete agreement was not made for the betterment of the river and also, each of them has their own interest because many people on these countries depend on the livelihood and natural resources of the river.
Location of the Salween River: https://www.google.com/maps/place/Thanlyin+River/@23.8268159,96.0186655,5z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x30c54115230d1fd7:0x8352ba0b3dade63d
EMPLEO, Marry Vanette E.
ReplyDeleteNorth Korea had always been known for its eccentric political ideologies however, in the study of geopolitics, DPRK had been used by Japan at the turn of the 20th century as a security means to prevent Portugal and Russia from invading the latter (Smith, 2013). Japan utilized the, then-united-Korea's resources and location to expand its regime and provide jobs for the samurais that had lost their standing in the Meiji socioeconomic order (Miller,2012). Aside from this, the acquisition of Korea provided Japan's capital the security it needs from China and Russia which are both neighbouring countries that shows interest in Japan, then. The unified Korea became Japan's battle route at the Sino-Japanese War. However, when japan lost the WWII, movements gave way to Korea’s divide, now known as South and North Korea (Wallerstein, 2012).
Today, North Korea (DPRK), with its nuclear technology is now seen as a threat, by Japan and other countries. However with the discovery of North Korea's massive mineral reserves in 2013, a game change would be expected (TIME, 2014). It is estimated that two thirds of all the world’s rare earth elements (REE) is just under North Korea, higher than China's REE possession, as per British SRE Minerals Limited’s assessment (Keck,2014). From being despised by its neighbouring states because of its threats, DPRK is now being offered by Russia and China assistance for railways and electricity projects (Doo,2015). The former even offered $25 million in exchange for access in the regions with REE reserves and negotiations is being processed. Furthermore if DPRK allows this allegiance, new technologies and power that only REE could provide would be expected and a capitalist state from an ideological Juche nation would be rising (Bruce,2012). In power politics on the other hand, United States, South Korea and Japan had to alter and compromise their national security reforms according to DPRK's decision. Even with SER Mineral’s estimation, it would only remain as estimation as the Hermit Kingdom continues to be hermit to the outside, as its name suggests.
Location:https://www.google.com/maps/place/North+Korea/@39.5989231,148.2522805,4z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x357e02dae64f4337:0x3a0b871c3e1d861c
Lake Baikal, located in eastern Siberia, has been an area of interest for the Russians, culturally and economically since the first Russians have identified this lake in their territory during at least the 16th century (UNESCO, 2010). Irkutsk, founded in 1652, is currently the capital of central Siberia. Lake Baikal continues to be a tourist destination which attracts even neighbouring cities near Siberia.
ReplyDeleteOf course, with such a beautiful site to see, the Russians take this lake as cultural treasure because of its natural beauty that gives not just aesthetic and tourism advantages to Russia but as well as economic advantages because Lake Baikal is the largest fresh water lake in the world (Brunello, 2006). There are a lot of succeeding threats to the maintenance of Lake Baikal since a lot of infrastructure would have been benefitting for this lake, Russia had its first movement or campaign to prevent big companies in polluting the lake. Going back to the first group of protesters was perestroika, these environmental protests and campaigns began in the 1960's when a large pulp mill was built on the southern shore of the lake, and they continue to this day (Stewart 1990). UNESCO had movements to prevent this pulp mill in re-opening threatening situations to Lake Baikal in order to preserve the immediate environment of the lake. Greenpeace Russia campaign director Ivan Blokov urged UNESCO "to do everything within its power to protect Lake Baikal from the catastrophic consequences that would inevitably result from the re-opening of the Baikalsk Paper and Pulp Mill (BPPM) on its shores. The 125,000 signatures on the petition we have presented to UNESCO today provide ample testimony to the concern of people the world over about this unique site" (UNESCO, 2010).
As what has been said above, Lake Baikal is the most important environmental area of Russia. It is the oldest, deepest lake which is blessed with pure and rich natural flora and fauna and other marine species that would not be seen anywhere around the world. Holding one-fifth of the planet's freshwater which is rated to be more water than all of North America's Great lakes combined, proven with hard facts that this lake measures 1,637 meters deep (Belt 1992; Martin 1994). Truly, this lake is a natural area of living memories of historical experiences during the wars that have prevailed in Russia. Lake Baikal was revered and recognized by some states as a treasure of Russia so it was declared a United Nations World Heritage Site in 1996 (Livingstone 1999).
For Summer Trips: http://www.56thparallel.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/lake-Baikal-short-tour-in-Listvyanka-village-Siberia-Russia.pdf
Location: https://www.google.com/maps/place/Lake+Baikal,+Russia/@53.5690917,109.8387998,9z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x5dab7dedcf8dd873:0xf2489412c5853349
The Aegean Sea is located between the coast of Greece and Turkey. In the immediate vicinity of the Aegean Sea there are at least 2,000 islands, some sink and rise on low tide, which was populated mostly and claimed by the Greeks. The Aegean Sea is very important for Greece since bodies of water are very important to civilizations and it is deemed true until today, Greece was lacking in Natural Resources they had to travel using the route of the Aegean Sea towards different states in order to collect timber, precious metals, and possible crops for mountainous fields (Mark, 2011). There are a lot of inhabited islands and the largest one of them all is Crete while the most popular tourist attraction is Santorini (Thera or Thira). The Aegean Sea has a very interesting history of dispute within it and such a conflict was immediately intervened by conflict resolution of the United Nations viz. the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (Sayfa, 1999).
ReplyDeleteThe Aegean Sea had its history very similar to the West Philippine Sea dispute that we are facing right now. 46 years ago the Greeks and the Turks were in the brink of war because of their issues in sovereignty in that part of the waters of the Aegean Seas (Ortolland, 2009). It came to the point where Turkey lost most of its European territories during the nineteenth and twentieth century which gave them a hard blow on their sovereignty since Greece was still enjoying its cultural hegemony over those areas. The UNCLOS had not been signed yet and it was only during the eighteenth century that both states were discovering new technological advances that helped them in navigating the sea. Before that it was widely accepted that 3 nautical miles off the coast of the states were considered to be a part of their territory, but again, due to technological advances, Greece and Turkey found the need to extend their borders in order to have stable security and as well take advantage of natural resources that extended far beyond the 3 nautical miles (Ortolland, 2009). The UNCLOS was then signed but it needed more coordination in order for the transition of these laws be upheld by the states within the scope of the Aegean Sea (Ortolland, 2009).
A Trip to Aegean Sea: http://funmozar.com/aegean-sea/
Location: https://www.google.com/maps/place/Aegean+Sea/@39.2529678,27.4367168,8z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x14959c66749e1ba9:0x89058c37001751b2
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteSAPLAD, Chrizelle Jude H.
ReplyDeleteThe St. Lawrence River or the River of Canada, dubbed as “the river that walks”, serves as an important river and waterway to Canada, extending 3,700 kilometers from the Atlantic Ocean connecting channels between the Great Lakes – Lake Ontario, Erie, Huron, Michigan, and Superior (McNeese, 2014). This river is a major inland trade seaway for Canada and North America, an important source of hydroelectric power for Canada and a joint construction of both states. It is a part of the St. Lawrence Seaway system, a seaway which provided an essential highway of commerce, a seacoast that is accessible to the industrial and agricultural heartland of North America, actually stretching a span of 3000 miles which is more than half of North America (McNeese, 2014). St. Lawrence River supports a trading system which was both transatlantic and transcontinental in extent (Creighton, 2002). It is between the agreements of America and Canada that constitute, governs and allows the stable distribution of economic goods from one region to another and the navigation in the international sectors of the river, which is an environmentally smart means of transporting various commodities to and from Canada and the United States and enhances the economic relations which is an advantage to both countries.
Location:
https://www.google.com/maps/place/St+Lawrence+River/@47.7405762,-69.7697064,7z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x4c904c29366c383b:0xc916c1f2c7c117f4
European Rout E4, Sweden-Finland Border.
ReplyDeleteThe E4 Route connecting the towns of Tornio, Sweden and Haparanda, Finland; a bridge crossing over the waters of Tornealven, has been a recent area of dispute because of crossing asylum seekers. Currently, numerous refugees from Sweden are crossing over to Finland without going through the proper process; in other words, illegally crossing the border. This has been brought to the attention of the Finnish, forcing them to assign over 150 people to handle the border problem, causing massive traffic between the two countries, and arousing the suspicion of the natives to the migrant population, because of possible threats to their safety.
Location:
https://www.google.com.ph/maps/@65.8446252,24.155282,15.75z?hl=en
San Juan De Fuca Boundary Dispute
ReplyDeleteThe Strait of Juan de Fuca Strait is a large body of water about 95 miles (153 km) long that is the Salish Sea's outlet to the Pacific Ocean (The Columbia Encyclopedia). The international boundary between Canada and the United States runs down the center of the Strait. It was named in 1787 by the maritime fur trader Charles William Barkley, captain of the Imperial Eagle, for Juan de Fuca, the Greek navigator who sailed in a Spanish expedition in 1592 to seek the fabled Strait of Anián. Barkley was the first non-indigenous person to find the strait, unless Juan de Fuca's story was true (The Columbia Encyclopedia)
This strait remains the subject of a maritime boundary dispute between Canada and the United States. The dispute is only over the seaward boundary extending 200 miles (320 km) west from the mouth of the strait. The maritime boundary within the strait is not in dispute. Both governments have proposed a boundary based on the principle of equidistance, but with different base point selections, resulting in small differences in the line (Charney, Colson, & Smith, 2005) Resolution of the issue should be simple, but has been hindered because it might influence other unresolved maritime boundary issues between Canada and the United States. In addition, the government of British Columbia has rejected both equidistant proposals, instead arguing that the Juan de Fucasubmarine canyon is the appropriate "geomorphic and physio-geographic boundary.
This “San Juan De Fuca Boundary Dispute” also became a very heated and controversial issue between the United States and Great Britain over the U.S.–British Columbian boundary. It is sometimes called the Northwest Boundary Dispute. The difficulty arose from the faulty wording of the treaty of 1846 that established the northern boundary of the Oregon Territory. That instrument set the boundary as a line through the middle of the channel between the mainland and Vancouver Island and through the middle of Juan de Fuca Strait (Guo, 2007) The strait, however, breaks into several channels, and between the two main ones—Haro Strait and Rosario Strait—lie the San Juan Islands. Ownership of the islands, especially San Juan Island, was disputed. The quarrel, unsettled by diplomatic negotiations, was brought to a crisis in 1859, when George E. Pickett and U.S. troops occupied San Juan Island. This was sooner or later called “The Pig War” (Charney, Colson, & Smith, 2005).
As a result of the negotiations being established eventually, both sides agreed to retain joint military occupation of the island until a final settlement could be reached, reducing their presence to a token force of no more than 100 men. The "British Camp" was established on the north end of San Juan Island along the shoreline, for ease of supply and access; and the "American Camp" was created on the south end on a high, windswept meadow, suitable for artillery barrages against shipping. Today the Union Jack still flies above the "British Camp", being raised and lowered daily by park rangers, making it one of the very few places without diplomatic status where US government employees regularly hoist the flag of another country.
Location:
https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=zX-T0tpoCB3o.kEiqw2S1C_o0&hl=en
Mascarenas, Judenn L.
ReplyDeleteSan Juan De Fuca Boundary Dispute
The Strait of Juan de Fuca Strait is a large body of water about 95 miles (153 km) long that is the Salish Sea's outlet to the Pacific Ocean (The Columbia Encyclopedia). The international boundary between Canada and the United States runs down the center of the Strait. It was named in 1787 by the maritime fur trader Charles William Barkley, captain of the Imperial Eagle, for Juan de Fuca, the Greek navigator who sailed in a Spanish expedition in 1592 to seek the fabled Strait of Anián. Barkley was the first non-indigenous person to find the strait, unless Juan de Fuca's story was true (The Columbia Encyclopedia)
This strait remains the subject of a maritime boundary dispute between Canada and the United States. The dispute is only over the seaward boundary extending 200 miles (320 km) west from the mouth of the strait. The maritime boundary within the strait is not in dispute. Both governments have proposed a boundary based on the principle of equidistance, but with different base point selections, resulting in small differences in the line (Charney, Colson, & Smith, 2005) Resolution of the issue should be simple, but has been hindered because it might influence other unresolved maritime boundary issues between Canada and the United States. In addition, the government of British Columbia has rejected both equidistant proposals, instead arguing that the Juan de Fucasubmarine canyon is the appropriate "geomorphic and physio-geographic boundary.
This “San Juan De Fuca Boundary Dispute” also became a very heated and controversial issue between the United States and Great Britain over the U.S.–British Columbian boundary. It is sometimes called the Northwest Boundary Dispute. The difficulty arose from the faulty wording of the treaty of 1846 that established the northern boundary of the Oregon Territory. That instrument set the boundary as a line through the middle of the channel between the mainland and Vancouver Island and through the middle of Juan de Fuca Strait (Guo, 2007) The strait, however, breaks into several channels, and between the two main ones—Haro Strait and Rosario Strait—lie the San Juan Islands. Ownership of the islands, especially San Juan Island, was disputed. The quarrel, unsettled by diplomatic negotiations, was brought to a crisis in 1859, when George E. Pickett and U.S. troops occupied San Juan Island. This was sooner or later called “The Pig War” (Charney, Colson, & Smith, 2005).
As a result of the negotiations being established eventually, both sides agreed to retain joint military occupation of the island until a final settlement could be reached, reducing their presence to a token force of no more than 100 men. The "British Camp" was established on the north end of San Juan Island along the shoreline, for ease of supply and access; and the "American Camp" was created on the south end on a high, windswept meadow, suitable for artillery barrages against shipping. Today the Union Jack still flies above the "British Camp", being raised and lowered daily by park rangers, making it one of the very few places without diplomatic status where US government employees regularly hoist the flag of another country.
Location:
https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=zX-T0tpoCB3o.kEiqw2S1C_o0&hl=en
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteCRUZ, Francis Renzel A.
ReplyDeleteCambodian Political Mess
There are only a few people who fail to see how Cambodian politics is worse than its neighboring countries. With neighboring countries like that of Thailand who are also in a bind politically, it would be fair to understand that Cambodia may be easily missed.
In Cambodia, the CPP (or Cambodian People's Party) has long since dominated the politics in the state. The mass subjugation using coercive force in order to suppress those who wish to conduct negative feedback about how they handle the government has been an issue in their state. They have also amassed enough power to rig or cheat the elections of their parliamentary body in the government, and to be able to continue with their unjust and unfair decisions and ways in order to continue to dominate the political world. This is a problem for the state because the basic rights that the people demand can not be given to them by the very people who try to take power in to their own hands.
Since the CPP has been in power, the Phnom Penh Municipal Court has trialed and sentenced 55 people after unfair and unjust trials on charges such as treachery, armistice, and the like. However no evidence credible enough was presented to support these suspects to be guilty. (https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2015/country-chapters/cambodia)
Such politics, like that of Cambodia, can easily be missed. Although there are already many different and worse issues that the world is facing, we can not forget about issues such as this. People in their state have been trying to fight for the rights and justice that they were promised by the people who try to take power using force and deviance. The CPP is a political party which has dominated their state for a long time, and with their current actions it would seem that they wish to continue dominating the political world of Cambodia for a longer time. This may be the case, the government of Cambodia may no longer be a constitutional monarchy but a dictatorship or timocracy wherein only a few may be able to make decisions for the whole state without the state's own consent.
(https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=zbA_bZKTPWgo.k4Oz5lXqfyPE&hl=en_US)
MANUEL, Princess Gabrielyn C.
ReplyDeleteThe Alaska Boundary Dispute was a territorial dispute between the United States and the United Kingdom (Canada was then a British Dominion with its foreign affairs controlled from London). It was resolved by arbitration in 1903. The dispute had been going on between the Russian and British Empires since 1821, and was inherited by the United States as a consequence of the Alaska Purchase in 1867.The final resolution favored the American position, and Canada did not get an all-Canada outlet from the Yukon gold fields to the sea. The disappointment and anger in Canada was directed less at the United States, and more at the British government for betraying Canadian interests in favor of healthier Anglo-American relations.
LOCATION: https://tools.wmflabs.org/wp-world/googlmaps-proxy.php?page=https:%2F%2Ftools.wmflabs.org%2Fkmlexport%3Farticle%3D141st_meridian_west&output=classic
http://etc.usf.edu/maps/pages/2800/2802/2802.htm
MEDINA, Antonio Vito S.
ReplyDeleteThe Golan Heights in the Levant
The Golan Heights is a disputed geopolitical region bordering Israel, Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan - with Mount Hermon, the region also overlooks the Sea of Galilee and the Jordan River.
After the 1st Arab-Israeli War in which the 1949 Armistice Agreements took place, resulted in the region becoming a demilitarized zone from a compromise between Israel and Syria to withdraw and refrain from using the region for military purposes and activities.
However, following the 3rd Arab-Israeli War of 1967, Israel occupied and eventually annexed the Golan Heights that any peace agreement by Syria includes the return of the Golan Heights (Zirulnick, 2011).
The disputed geopolitical region today remains a hotbed for the conflict between Israel and pro-Palestine protesters and symphatizers, while Syria does not forget its claim on the region.
Location:
https://www.google.com.ph/maps/place/Golan/@33.007076,35.4737489,10z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x151ea86dae7bdc5f:0xe12ffe365d6c370a?hl=en