IMRAD Format

Title

Abstract

Introduction

                Short Background  /        Aim        /  Gap  /  Question (for quali) Hypothesis (for Quanti)

Are not subheadings.  But these things must be readably clear.  Use signposts (words that guide the reader), e.g. Upon review of the current literature, this paper identifies the gap that ……

OR The author aims to bridge the gap in the literature wherein…  OR The questions guiding this research are as follows:

Materials and Methods

                Population and Locale (state inclusion criteria)

                Data Gathering Method

                Data Treatment

                Ethical Issues

Results and Discussions

                Use subheadings

Subheadings will be based on your simulacrum.  In fact, use the simulacrum to guide the RESULTS.  Results is a relaying of what you found.  A description of what is happening in the field.  This is not a place to analyze nor to comment.  It’s a place to describe.

For the Discussion, this is where your analysis comes from.  The subheadings would be short phrases that somewhat answer each of your statement of the problem questions.  Hence if you have 5 sub questions… you have how many sub headings?

The discussion is done by discussing your answer to the sub questions.  Do this by referring to: 1) the results.  2) The theory.  Support it by cross referencing with data from 3) literature.

Conclusion and Recommendations

                Conclusion is short paragraph summarizing your answer to the sub questions.

Recommendations are several paragraphs.  1) What can you recommend given the conclusion?  2)  What can you recommend to the discipline?  3)  Recommendations to the beneficiaries (as listed in the Significance).  4)  Recommendations for future research. 

Keywords

Figures (All figures should appear here.  Pls follow APA 7.)

References

All boldfaced are Main Headings