PGC (Team Teaching w/ Dr. Tangco) - Kinds of Constitutions

Constitutions can be classified in three ways.  Each classification has two possible kinds.  Hence a particular state's constitution will have three traits.

A.  According to the origin - how was the constitution created?

1. Cummulative - The constitution is the product of years of adding and changing to the law.  No convention (meeting of representatives) created the law.  Rather as the state evolved, the rules was also compiled and developed.
2. Conventional or enacted - The basic way of making a constitution follows enactment (the process wherein the people or their representatives approve the law).  In this process a Constituent Assembly (composed of the present lawmakers) or Constitutional Convention (composed of newly elected representatives) will meet and draft the law for approval by the people through a Plebiscite.

B.  According to the form 

1. Written - Most laws are generally in a written form.  Like the Philippine constitution, it is a written document.
2. Unwritten - Certain states have oral traditions and customs.  These compose their constitution.  The policies are passed down from generation to generation.  The most common example is the constitution of England wherein many customs of government are unwritten.

C.  According to the ease of amendment

1. Rigid or Inelastic - The constitution is not easily changed.  If policies need to be changed, it will take a complex process.  And the vote required for the approval requires a higher number than majority (majority equals one-half plus one).
2. Flexible or Elastic - The constitution can easily be changed.  Simple process and the number of votes required is simply majority.

PGC - Powerpoint for Article IV and V

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B30MHtoilXd4WHFrWV9fQzc0T3c/view?usp=sharing

ASN 902 - Paper Presentation Rubric

Download and print per group.  Write group name and names of members at the appropriate cells.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B30MHtoilXd4Vk9PRFY3aVZ5Rkk/view?usp=sharing

PGC (Team Teaching w/ Dr. Tangco) - Classifications and Types of Government

A.  According to the number of Rulers

1. Monarchy - single benevolent ruler.  Kings and Queens.
2. Aristocracy - few benevolent rulers, Ruling class are the elite educated.  Small council.
3. Oligarchy - few rulers, Corrupt manner.  Ruling class are the rich elite.  Small council.
4. Democracy - many rulers.  Almost all qualified citizens participate in government.

B.  According to the power exercised by the central or national government.

1. Unitary - Two levels of government.  National and local.  Central (national) level has more control over local, Constitution grants most government powers to Central/national level.  Local level is dependent on Central.
2. Federal - Two levels of government.  Federal (national) and local.  The constitution grants autonomy to the local level.  Less or no dependence by local to Federal.

C.  According to the relationship between the Executive and Legislative branches.

1. Presidential - There is separation of powers between the Executive and Legislative branches.  
2. Parliamentary - There is fusion of powers.  Executive (Prime Minister) is a part of the Legislative (House of Parliament).

D.  According to the Nature and Origin of Power.

1. Hereditary - The power to govern is passed down within a family line, also known as a line of succession from the Ruler to the Heir.
2. Elective - The power to govern is given through the process of voting.

E.  According to the identity or non-identity of the state and government with the people.

1. Primary - Also known as direct democracy.  The people have direct participation in government.
2. Representative - Also known as a Republic.  The people choose, through elections, a set of men and women to handle the affairs of government.  The government is accountable to the people.

PS PGC Powerpoint for Quiz 1

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B30MHtoilXd4TkhOdHpEU3J5am8/view?usp=sharing


You can ask questions here through the comments.

Country Posting for 4ASN2

Pls. post your selected States for comparisons.  Pls biefly and clearly the explain how they are similarly situated for a comparative analysis to be acceptable.

Country Posting for 4ASN1

Pls. post your selected States for comparisons.  Pls biefly and clearly the explain how they are similarly situated for a comparative analysis to be acceptable.

PS PGC Deadline of Powerpoint

Deadline of powerpoint is friday at 10:00 p.m. Ferbuary 26, 2015.

Please read Parts A, B, D of Textbook on the Philippine Constitution by Hector de Leon also read the Philippine Preamble.