Surname, first name
1st paragraph - illustrate the sample scenario. Sample scenario should be factual. Include the link to the source.
2nd paragraph - explain what is it a sample of. Eg. Specific concept, theory or method.
Online classroom of Ronald Castillo y Maglaqui, Professor of Political Science at the University of Santo Tomas - Faculty of Arts and Letters. But for the time being, starting 2022, this blog serves as a student's public notebook of thoughts while he undertakes his international PhD in Asia Pacific Studies at National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan. Reach him through rmcastillo@ust.edu.ph
Barcelona, Janzz
ReplyDeleteSource: http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/703361/a-sentimental-journey-for-viet-boat-people
The aftermath of the Vietnamese war from 1965 to 1975 led a serious drought to the Southern Vietnamese as the Viet Congs established a Communist form of government in Vietnam. The Communist government established Re-education camps which led a major torture among the Southern Vietnamese, forcing them to flee their country and seek refuge in neighbouring countries such as Hong Kong, Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines. These Southern Vietnamese were termed as "boat people" as they escaped the country in wooden boats hoping for a better future ahead. One former refugee named Hai Duong recalls his experience as his brother and him seek refuge at Barangay Bancao-Bancao in Palawan, Philippines as if they were like orphans and were blessed enough to be adopted by humble Filipinos. Hai Duong was eternally grateful for the warm acceptance of the Philippines to the boat people as compared to other camps in Malaysia, Thailand, and Hong Kong.
The boat people of Vietnam in the 1970s is one concrete output on the theory of Fernie and Pitkethley (1985). According to this theory, migration is usually forced or instigated. This concept (forced) of migration can be of cause to the topple of an old government brought by revolution or war. The fall of Saigon and the establishing of the Communist Vietnam can be one example of the said theory as this event in history involves the change or shift of government by the Viet Congs, establishing rules that are a threat to the Southern Vietnamese, that forced them to flee from their country.
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ReplyDeleteSALAZAR, MIALYZA
ReplyDeleteThe Vietnamese diaspora in Australia which is prominent until the present started in 1950s for the Colombo Plan wherein Vietnamese went to Australia to study although majority returned to their home country. Later on after the fall of Saigon, Vietnamese who married Australian troops migrated to Australia. Orphans of the war were also adopted by Australian nationals which resulted to the influx of Vietnamese in Australia. The Vietnamese started as refugees that later on gained citizenship in Australia.
Decision Theory could be applied in this example. The first groups of Vietnamese voluntarily went to Australia for opportunities like education and profession. This also goes with the case of the ones who married Australian nationals. For the orphans of the war, we could say that they were impelled to move to Australia since most of them were adopted by Australians.
https://www.deakin.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/629049/arc-vietnamese-diaspora.pdf
Simbahan, Danica
ReplyDeleteLinks: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-19482931
https://colombiareports.com/the-massive-fortune-of-colombias-late-queen-of-cocaine/
Griselda Blanco, known as the godmother of cocaine, was a notorious drug smuggler. She was reported to have smuggled cocaine from Colombia to the United States. Some of her alleged gang members were arrest in New York on 1975. Through smuggling, she was able to invest in properties found in her home country, Colombia.
Griselda Blanco’s case is an example of Michel Bruneau’s concept of territories of movement. Just like the scenario in territories of movement, Blanco was able to establish a network of acquaitances who could help in her drug operations in the United States. United States, as a host country to Blanco, was not a place for her to live since it was just simply a base and field for her drug operations. Investing to the country of origin is part of territories of movement. In Blanco’s scenario, the money she earned for drug smuggling was used to invest in properties located across Colombia.
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ReplyDeleteLopez, Ma. Cassandra
ReplyDeleteLink: https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/transnational-migrants-when-home-means-more-one-country
Indian immigrants from Gujarat State in Western India moved to rental apartments in northeastern Massachusetts and eventually move to their own home in subdivisions outside Boston. According to Levitt, these Indian immigrants send remittances in their country of origin, India. The remittances sent to their family would be an aid for them to open businesses as well as to improve their properties. Moreover, these immigrants work, attend school, and build religious congregations in their host country.
The example above explains Boccagni’s two forms of transnational social ties, which is the Private Transnationalism and Public Localism. Private Transnationalism indicates that it reaches out linkages to the country of origin, which can be seen in the scenario wherein these Indian immigrants send remittances in India. On the other hand, public localism explains that it roots the migrants to the receiving state, in which these Indians work closely with religious leaders for them to establish Hindu groups and build Hindu community in the United States.
Martin, Arian Gail R.
ReplyDeleteLink: https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=BbYP8pOVv-AC&pg=PA28&dq=deportation+of+Chechnya+to+Central+Asia&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjA68X3-cPZAhXLzbwKHdY0D_AQ6AEIPjAE#v=onepage&q=deportation%20of%20Chechnya%20to%20Central%20Asia&f=false
On 1944, Joseph Stalin abolished the Chechnya because he claimed that the Chechens and Ingush people were collaborating with the Germans during the Second World War. Together with this, from February 23 to March 9 of that same year, the Soviet leader forced the people to migrate to Central Asia. While many died because of starvation, cold and diseases when they were on their way to Asia, other Chechens and Ingush people were murdered or were victims of genocide killing. This is considered as one of the most tragic events in the history of the Chechens and Ingush.
The deportation of the Chechens and Ingush is an example of the Theory of Fernie and Pitkethly (1985). The theory proposes that the decision making in migrating is usually forced or impelled. Seldom does it happen that it is voluntary or free. The migration of the Chechens and Ingush happened not because they wanted to migrate to Central Asia, but because they were forced out of their own territory. The government caused their migration.
Adriano, Crystalle Ann Joyce
ReplyDeleteSources: http://jar-u.weebly.com/features/life-of-the-dumagat-tribe
The sample scenario I chose was the life of the informal settlers Dumagat Community living near the Angat Dam and Angat Watershed. Along with that, there are major problems the Dumagats faced, such as poverty and no electricity, as it is said that one of the reasons prohibits the access of electricity in the part along the Angat Dam is the possibility that outsiders who plans to live there as well, will pollute the river. Another is that the land where the Dumagats built their houses are owned by the government, thus the government plans for rehabilitation along the Angat river, and leaves them no other choice but to evacuate and be resettled in a different location. It is also said that living along the dams or watersheds are prohibited in accordance to the law made by the government. Dumagats works are fishery, bamboo sellers and rattan sellers, sometimes they make ube’s too, but since they weren’t able to finish their education, it’s almost as close to impossible for them to find a job with an adequate salary.
For the case of the Dumagats, decision making theory can be applied. It can either be voluntary as long as there would be some dumagats who’ll agree to the governemnt’s plan for resettlement. Impelled, given if there are unforeseen disasters like the most feared disaster in Angat dam, which is earthquakes, flooding and landslides that could cause dam breakages too. It can also be forced, given that the land deeds of their houses are owned by the government, given if they were to do something illegal along the Angat watershed or dam, the government has the rights to force them out. Added to the fact that there are Dumagats who live in prone to disaster areas, thus there is a high chance their voluntarily leave or the government will force them to resettle on another location where they are surely safe against disasters.
Pineda, John Clarenz
ReplyDeleteLink: http://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/2131030/ethnic-chinese-and-want-live-china-find-out-if-you-qualify-new
China has recently released a new law for the ethnic Chinese which is effective on February 01, 2018. In this law it explains that a Chinese descent foreigner can apply for a five year visa with multiple entries. According to Qu Yunhai, director of the ministry of public security’s exit and entry administrator bureau, this policy is to encourage “overseas” Chinese to “participate in China’s economic development.” It is also stated that the applicant must prove their Chinese origin which is having a parent or ancestor who is or was a Chinese descent.
According to the theory of King and Christou, there is a higher chance that a “second generation” would return to their origin or homeland which was not even their land of birth. For the factors such as “money, bilingual capacity and education.” This theory can be applied to second generation Chinese. For instance, many Chinese migrated to the Philippines and their children was born to this country. To the new policy that China has made this allows the second generation Chinese to go back easily and participate in China’s economy.
Falcasantos, Ma. Felixie Claire P.
ReplyDeleteSource: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257428327_An_examination_of_the_resettlement_program_at_Mayon_Volcano_What_can_we_learn_for_sustainable_volcanic_risk_reduction
On July 2006, radiant lava fragments were seen to be detaching from the volcanic dome. The PHILVOCS also indicates that hazardous eruption is possible with a span of days. The danger zone was also expanded from 7 km to 8 km southern sector.
Decision theory is applicable since it is forced and impelled. It is forced since they are located at the prone area and impelled because volcanic eruption is a natural phenomena.
Buendia, Leona Marie B.
ReplyDeleteSource: https://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com/article/04/02/2018/Advisory-Council-committee-discusses-permanent-residency-draft-law
On August 2017, Qatar passed a new law, allowing expatriates to grant permanent residency to a non-Qatari, which will be the first kind of law among the neighboring Gulf States. Holders of this permanent residency will be able to have equality with the local Qataris, in terms of education and health. They are also able to acquire business permits and buy properties despite not being affiliated with a non-Qatari. The new law on permanent residency in Qatar will allow expatriates and their family who have been in the country for more than 20 years, to experience opportunities they have been denied, since they are not locals in the country.
According King and Christou, the Second Generation of these expatriates will have a higher chance of return migration to a country that is not their homeland, due to education and bilingual capacity. This theory can be applied to the children of expatriates families in Qatar, wherein most offsprings or the second-generation will choose to stay due to the newly passed law. This will allow the second-generations who have experienced and seen the changes in the country throughout their life in Qatar, will grab the chance to opportunity of having access to the treatment of the locals, that has been long denied to them, and their parents.
Mendoza, Judea Raven
ReplyDeleteSource:
https://news.sky.com/feature/rohingya-crisis-11121896#the-rohingya
The Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh are those Rohingya Muslims who have fled from Myanmar in search for a sanctuary in Bangladesh because their own country denies their citizenship due to the fact that they are Muslims and not a Buddhist. They were not treated well in their own country and was rather largely discriminated by the Buddhist Rakhine population and the Myanmar’s military. It was also said in the amnesty international that the Rohingyas are one of the most persecuted minorities in this world. With the government of Myanmar denying their citizenship, it left them as ‘stateless’ minorities.
The theory that can be applied for the the Rohingya refugees fleeing to Bangladesh is the theory of Ferney and Pithkethley. They termed that migration is usually forced or impelled that is why the Rohingya refugees fall under that theory because they are forced to leave their home country due to the fact that their own state does not recognize their ethnic citizenship and they experienced awful discrimination and even death and violence. The Rohingyas are also impelled to leave because of the tensions that is happening between them and the Buddhist Rakhine. The Rohingyas migrated to Bangladesh in search for a sanctuary which they cannot gain in their own homeland and to avoid the persecution of their ethnicity.
Bernardino, Krizha Mae L.
ReplyDelete4ASN3
Link: https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/chinese-immigrants-united-states
The Chinese migration to the United States picked up during the mid-19th century, when primarily male manual laborers arrived in the West Coast for agricultural, mining, railroad construction, and other low-skilled jobs. In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act, a political response to virulent anti-Chinese public attitudes and pressures from labor unions, severely limited future immigration of Chinese workers and barred Chinese residents from obtaining U.S. citizenship. Though the law was repealed in 1943, few mainland Chinese could immigrate due to other restrictions placed on non-European immigration in the 1920s.
The Example above that I chose merely focuses on the suggested trade model theory that is satisfactory in explaining the relationship between migration and economic growth. In particular, for our purposes, the labour-market models do not focus on growth in GDP per capita. Growth models provide a useful way to consider the pathways through which migration may lead to economic growth. An alternative approach is to investigate the impact of migration using a model of the labour market in the host country. This approach has been particularly associated with the work of Borjas (2000). This theory is applicable given that one of the purpose of Chinese Migration is for business and trading to attract consumers in order to achieve economic growth.
Balatbat, Zarina
ReplyDeleteLink: http://globalwa.org/issues/2016-2/syria/
2011 was the year that Syria was experiencing major conflict within its borders. Stephen O’Brien, more than 80 percent for help stem from man-made conflicts. From my understanding, these conflicts are from the government itself, and forced many people out of the country to flee a country that doesn’t even meet the bare minimum needed to give their citizens their daily needs. Aside from government control, the country is in the middle of a war, further reason for the citizens to seek asylum from other countries.
This situation is a type of forced migration. People have lost their homes, knew that there was nothing else for them there, and they knew that it’s either fight or flight. The priority of many human rights organisations around the world was moving the children and war orphans away from the danger zone. Unfortunately the forced immigrants had become an issue due to many of them entered the country illegally, in which I mean they did not register themselves before entering their borders. Some of the countries that offer asylum require them to be registered into their systems, and due to some of the people not following their protocol, there has been a wall of distrust between the natives and the immigrants.
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ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteCastro, Ana Carmela S.
ReplyDeleteSOURCE: https://mobile.nytimes.com/2016/08/20/us/shishmaref-alaska-elocate-vote-climate-change.html
Climate change has caused unbearable living conditions to the residents of Shishmaref, a small Alaskan village. The village is located on Sarichef, an island north of Bering Starit. For the last 40 years the people of Shishmaref have been enduring loss of buildings and infrastructure caused by storm surges. By August 2016 the villagers have insisted to relocate due flooding and erosion that is attributed to climate change. The barrier island is said to have been steadily disappearing which prompted villagers to migrate 120 miles north of Nome.
Ferney and Pithkethley’s theory of migration is applicable in this particular scenario. The theory explains that migration is usually forced or impelled. Climate change plays a big role in the migration of the villagers. The people of Shishmaref were forced to migrate due to flooding and erosion due to climate change. The villagers were left with no choice but to leave their island in search for a new home with better living conditions.
Cruz, Bernadine D.
ReplyDeleteReference: https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10125/21150/1/Campbell_1987.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjV3I3O68TZAhVIXLwKHei0CjgQFjAAegQIBxAB&usg=AOvVaw2n_jE5DKn87PZag9YowXjb
The Filipinos rebuilt Guam after the World War II without concrete plan of action. A special labour problem in Guam concerned different wage scales which existed between the basic wages of residents locally-hired non-resident employees compared to local residents. They were paid a lower wage than citizens that led to the enormously affected economy of Guam rather than the Philippine economy being affected. Subsequently, the Filipino community kept on growing in number as Guam continues to be home for migrants through time. Consequently, the Filipinos were given permanent residency status to those people who had lived in Guam before the 1950s.
Since the Philippines was a US colony, the Filipino movement to the US was called internal migration and Filipino migrants were considered nationals, not citizens. In line with this, the labor migrants have salaries that are dependent on different wages than local citizens. Moreover, labour migration has been the dominant form of immigration in the US, the World War II phenomena acting as a factor of the Filipinos being spread to various states of the US, including the territory that is Guam.
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ReplyDeleteGondra, James Stephen Andrue
ReplyDeleteReference:http://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/long-reads/article/2111386/escape-north-korea-defectors-risk-all-perilous
Since the Korean War in 1950’s, North and South Korea have been shrouded with tension and discord, leaving the once united Korea behind their shadows. While South Korea followed democracy and enjoyed freedom and progress, North Korea thrived the path to communism and focused on developing their nuclear potential, missiles, and ballistics threatening other nations, placing the people’s lives in peril as their rights are limited, suppressed, and abused. With this dreadful situation, North Koreans have been finding means to escape from their country by crossing borders of China, Laos, Vietnam, and Thailand to reach South Korea by boat to seek refuge with hopes of gaining citizenship and start anew in a progressive, freer, and safer environment. They are called the North Korean defectors, for example, a group of Korean defectors arrived in South Korea by boat in 1997 and they wished for better and progressive lives with most of them wanting to be acquainted with technology, even the children. Since then, North Korean defectors have been migrating to the South Korean peninsula.
The situation of Korean Defectors seeking refuge and a new home in South Korea is a concrete example of the theory of Fernie and Pitkethly (1985), stating that migration is commonly forced or prompted, usually by a government brought about by wars or revolutions. Since the Korean War divided the North and South Korea, and the former decided to follow communism and focus on nuclear energy, missiles, and weaponries, these went against the principles and integrity of the North Korean defectors, and they have no freedom of movement and extremely limited freedom of speech. Furthermore, these ideologies and government acts placed their lives in danger, forcing them to leave their homeland and find a new place to live in wherein they can be free and secure at the same time. Since South Korea’s Ministry of Unification has been accepting of North Korean refugees since the Korean War, defectors have been seeking resettlement in the country.
Realuyo, Janelle Bianca C.
ReplyDeleteReference: http://www.mtafki.hu/konyvtar/kiadv/FE2005/FE20053-4_403-414.pdf
An example for Coffey's migration theory is the growth of the population of Tacloban City. Tacloban was declared as a highly-urbanized city since 2008 due to its development on some aspects. It is a well-known tourist destination because it is the only place in Leyte where schools, banks, hospitals, etc. are located altogether. According to a personal interview for my thesis, Mrs. Valenzuela (2017) - Executive City Information Officer of Tacloban - not just the day but also the night population of Tacloban is increasing. This only means that people from different parts of the country/world is starting to reside in Tacloban City as it progress more each day.
The movement of people from other places and into Tacloban portrays the term "centre of absorption". This is for the reason that Tacloban has many resources to offer compared to other parts of Leyte. This growth in population highly affects the development of the city as it contributes to certain economic aspects. A large portion of people in this region is concentrated at this metropolitan area while the number of population decreases to the other towns surrounding Tacloban.
Vergel de Dios, Celine Andrea E.
ReplyDeleteSource: http://www.manilatimes.net/labor-migration-worth/337684/
Labor migration during the first half of the twentieth century became more organized with the deployment of Filipino workers to Hawaii in order to maintain the demand for labor. Plantation owners in Hawaii conducted systematic recruitment of Filipino workers through various recruitment centers found in Ilocos Sur, Vigan and Cebu. By 1930s, Filipinos became the largest ethnic group of workers in the plantations replacing the Japanese.
During those time, it was easy to bring Filipinos to Hawaii because the Philippines was under US colony and Filipinos those time were considered US nationals. Giving them privilege and not being covered by the immigration laws. With this, labor migration has become a part of the life of Filipinos because of the belief that migration is the way to achieve a better life because of the remittances.
Viernes, Amanda Grace P.
ReplyDeleteSource: https://museumsvictoria.com.au/origins/history.aspx?pid=30
The Irish Famine or commonly known as the Potato Ireland Famine of 1840 caused the migration of millions of Irish people to various parts of North America and Australia. The natural catastrophe gravely placed the people into poverty and starvation. They were also exposed to the epidemic disease which eventually contributed to the loss of more than a million or one-third of the Irish population. Consequently, two million survivors immigrated to a better location to search for food to satisfy their hunger and a new shelter that will protect them from future widespread diseases.
This period of massive unrest in Ireland is an excellent example of the theory by Ferney and Pithkethley stating that migration is usually forced or impelled. In the abovementioned scenario, it was an impelled migration. Impelled migration is mainly caused by man-made or natural circumstances which make the dwelling in the place of origin difficult. For the Irish people, they were forced to leave their homelands in order to find a more favourable living condition.
Tulabut, Mikaella M.
ReplyDeleteReference: http://bulatlat.com/main/2013/12/28/3-issues-confronted-by-ofws-in-2013/
A large number of OFWs in Saudi Arabia have experienced multiple crisis in 2013 due to lack of government assistance, according to Garry Martinez the chairperson of Migrante International. At roughly 90 per cent of the Filipino workers were in locations that were high in danger and these people have exhaustively experienced human trafficking by their employers. There were instances wherein seven Filipino workers in Sana, Yemen died because of a bombing attack. On the other one thousand OFWs in Yemen, have prompted the Philippine government to process the country in crisis level 3 in order to ban them and continue to repatriate the people working there due to safety concerns. Added by Martinez, the Philippine government does not consider the welfare of their people and continuously send them abroad to tell that they are one with the WTO or World Trade Organization.
In line with this situation, the theory of Fernie and Pithkethley (1985) applies because they have said that migration is known to be forced and impelled. Stated above, the Philippine government forces the Filipinos to apply abroad because the country does not have enough quality jobs, and does not restrict its people from dangerous countries that can bring injure or worse, death to the workers. On the side of the OFWs after experiencing issues in the international countries, they are now afraid to lose their lives and want to return to their beloved families in the Philippines. Forced migration is clearly seen in the Philippines as they send these Filipino people abroad while lacking in government assistance.
Litana, Beatriz Danielle R.
ReplyDeleteReference:
https://theconversation.com/selling-brazilian-fashions-the-women-of-angolas-suitcase-trade-spot-trends-and-pedal-dreams-73324
The end of the Angolan civil war in 2002 brought the country’s unemployment rate to inflate drastically. A lot of their entrepreneurs went abroad to find opportunities that will diversify the market they had at that time. One of the ways the Angolan female entrepreneurs found was to become a “suitcase trader” or moambeiras that goes back and forth to Angola and Brazil. Since Brazilian culture strongly influence the Angolans (from their telenovelas to their clothing), the entrepreneurs travel to Brazil to buy their clothes, apparel and textiles then go back to Angola and sell it to the market to satisfy women’s fashion demands.
The suitcase traders of Angola or the moambeiras is a fine example of Dahinde’s concept of mobility and locality in transnational formation. According to Dahinde, there are four ideal types on the processual dimensions of transnational patter, one of it is the transnational mobiles which the suitcase traders fall into. This type aims to improve the quality of life of the person without planning to settle in another country. They are on a constant move from one place to another to build networks, friends, and acquaintances for their market.
DELA CRUZ, Angelika
ReplyDeleteLink: http://www.icsw.org/images/docs/Regions/seasia/pub/2007_Trafficking%20Labour%20Exploitation%20in%20ASEAN%2007.pdf
In May of 2001, 700 Filipino garment workers in Brunei went on strike protesting contractual violations like excessive unpaid overtimes when their employers forbid them to leave by locking the doors, and low wages or non-payment of their monthly wages. Their protest became the largest and longest labor dispute in Brunei when they were joined by workers of other nationalities. Aside from strike as their means to express their concern and as an attempt to resolve the situation, they sought help from the Philippine Embassy. The embassy, which has the aim to protect citizens working abroad, negotiated with the government of Brunei with regard to the worker’s claims and their signed contract. Although the Brunei law does not recognize contracts signed abroad, the negotiations concluded with an understanding and in a pay increase.
Koinova’s theory is applicable in the abovementioned example. According to Koinova, Diasporas are agents of democratization. There are circumstances that seek the intervention of homeland politics. Due to their situation, the Filipino workers started and participated in a pro-democratic action which prompted the government in behalf of the agency to act and protect the Filipino nationals experiencing exploitation in a foreign country. In addition to the negotiation, some of the workers asked to return to the Philippines and their flights were paid for by the embassy.
Uy, Caleb S.
ReplyDeleteReference: https://tavaana.org/en/content/aung-san-suu-kyi-leading-burmese-democracy-movement-0
During the year 1962 in Burma, now known as Myanmar, their Prime Minister and soon-to-be dictator, U Ne Win staged a successful coup d'detat in Burma, which prompted discontent from the Burmese people towards his policies and governance. In 1988, U Ne Win resigned from his post but maintained the ruling of the Military Junta and worked in its shadows still for the following years. Pro-democracy protests by the Burmese were stopped by the military junta and resulted to the killing of protesters. The same year all of these happened, Aung Saan Suu Kyi, Burma's soon-to-be "icon of democracy" returned to Burma and became a suddenn threat to the military as she was "pro-democracy." She rose to prominence in the 1988 Uprisings, and formed the National League for Democracy (NLD), which was helped by retired army officials who opposed the military junta.
Aung San Suu Kyi was the Secretary General of the NLD, and in 1990, her democratic party influenced the people as it won 80% of the parliamentary seats. However the Miliraty Junta realized this commotion and instead, imposed series of house arrests on her for 15 years. The theory of Koinova is present here as Aung Saan Suu Kyi, an agent for democratization who studied in the University of Oxford and served in the United Nations for three years where she learned the ways of democracy, came back to her origin state in order to topple the authoritative sovereignty of the Military Junta. Her pro-democratic actions and challenge towards the Military Junta can greatly adhere to the theory of Koinova.
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ReplyDeleteCanto, Julienne Ysabelle T.
ReplyDeleteReference: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/montreal-sanctuary-city-undocumented-immigrants-canada-quebec-ontario-toronto-london-hamilton-mayor-a7591266.html
Montreal, Canada's second city with the most population adopted the "sanctuary city" for undocumented immigrants. The Canada Border Services Agency said that the number of refugees at the Quebec border has doubled from the year 2015 to 2016. These immigrants are seeking help because of displacement due to terrorist acts, their sexual orientation or as political refugees. Authorities in Canada wanted the immigrants without legal status to be provided with access to housing, health care and food. Critics say that this is a great leap for Montreal to protect the immigrants in building trust from the refugees and other migrants.
The undocumented immigrants in Montreal is an example of Coffey's theory where the migration tends towards cities. Montreal is the largest city in Quebec similar to Ontario, Toronto and London where migrants usually go to. As Montreal is highly urbanized and largely populated, there is a tendency for people to migrate in the city. And as for the situation of the immigrants, they have sought refuge in the city.
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ReplyDeleteSOLIS, Astrid A.
ReplyDeleteReference:
https://www.express.co.uk/news/royal/426976/The-Duke-of-Windsor-was-the-king-who-never-came-home
King Edward VIII who later became the Duke of Windsor abdicated his throne in December 1936. The Duke was forced to stay in exile for the huge relief of a political establishment. Because of the Duke's insistence on marrying a divorcee, it had considered him unsuitable to be King. The Duke mentioned that he found it impossible to carry the crown with all its responsibilities without the help and support of the woman he loves. In addition to this, the Duke was also forced to stay in exile for the sake of his allowance. The Duke of Windsor lived the rest of his life in exile, mainly in Paris. Furthermore, Edward VIII was the first and the only British Monarch so far who abdicated voluntarily.
Since it is stated that the Duke of Windsor’s situation in 1936 was a forced exile, theory of Ferney and Pithkethley is applicable. According to the afreedictionary, forced exile is the condition or period of being forced to live away from one's native country or home, especially as a punishment. With the Duke of Windsor choosing love over the crown, he was forced to leave his country with his wife and live in Paris, wherein both of them can be free.
Enrejo, Vanessa Linda P.
ReplyDeleteIn 2013, Filipino migrants remitted more than U.S.$ 26 billion, which is more than Nepal’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and more than the national income of 60 developing economies. There are more than one million Filipino workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. From the high seas, Filipino officers and engineers, deck and engine crew, on all kinds of commercial cargo ships, tankers, cruise liners, and some U.S. military vessels sent back to their families in 200 hometowns more than U.S.$2.5 billion in 2012. Their remittances have insulated the country from the global economic crisis, devastation from natural disasters, and have contributed to the surge in economic growth in the last years—one of the strongest in the Asia-Pacific.
http://www.publicdiplomacymagazine.com/diaspora-diplomacy-influences-from-philippine-migrants/
Filipinos migrating to other countries is not new to the world. With them being outside the country has also an impact in the social lives of both the migrants and the families that were left behind. Increasing the soft powers of the Philippines in order to achieve and help with the country’s diplomatic mission. With Koinova’s development theory, the Philippine’s diaspora influencing and persuading other foreign factors in order to strengthen ties with them serves as agents and challenge sovereignty to the country.
Rayala, Lallanita Francesca C.
ReplyDeleteReference: https://reliefweb.int/report/world/impact-and-causes-disasters-and-migration-southeast-asia
Myanmar ranks 2nd out of 187 countries in the Global Climate Risk Index. An estimated $190 million funding is required to support over 525,000 people in need of humanitarian assistance across the country. About 218,000 people are displaced with 70% being women and children. The two key reasons for the displacement are due to internal conflict between states or floods and landslides, both of which have a devastating impact on people’s lives. Displaced are in urgent need of water, food, medical attention and shelter. 90% do not have access to basic health services and three quarters are food insecure.
The theory of Fernie and Pithkethley that uses the concept of "Conservative" that says that "a person must leave due to necessary reasons e.g. disaster and conflict) greatly applies on what had happened to Myanmar. Over 200,000 buremese, especially the women and children were displaced due to tremendous disasters that happened to their place. The effects of the disasters which are lack of water, food, medical assistance and shelter are the main reason why they have to be displaced.
Alejo, Kayle Patrice
ReplyDeleteLink: https://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://rizal.lib.admu.edu.ph/reserve/12012/Kasaysayan%2520Vol10%2520%2520A%2520Timeline%2520of%2520Phil%2520History.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjsjrvnwMXZAhWEGpQKHYNXBegQFjADegQIAhAB&usg=AOvVaw04PKAwyqQgqFNWNmQLUwt5
During the Martial Law era, Ferdinand Marcos caused a lot of people from suffering. He was know for its corruption, brutality, and produgality. And because of this, people revolted against his dictatorship causing the people power revolution that ended him in exile. He stayed in Honolulu, Hawaii until he died.
In the theory of Fernie and Pitkethley, there are forced and impelled migration. In the case of Ferdinand Marcos, they were impelled because the people of the Philippines forced them to leave the country. This was shown when the Filipino people starting revolting against him. Forcing him to leave the country together with his family.
Tumalip, Ylea Heddy C
ReplyDeleteSource: http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/693786/viet-refugees-roamed-this-bataan-camp
The Philippine Refugee Processing Center was a camp located in Morong, Bataan for the refugees of Indochina hoping to make their way to permanent residency in other countries. This camp has prepared Asian refugees from Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos, including the ethnic minorities from those nations to first-world countries. Furthermore, it was funded by the UNHCR, wherein they operated the camp with schools, hospitals, libraries, treatment centers, etc.
There were 400,000 refugees in document and they were processed to resettle in the US, EU, and some in other regions in Asia. The concept of resettlement is ray evident in this example because of the agreement of the host countries with the current state that of which refugees were admitted and were granted permanent settlement.
Ablola, Ethel Samira D.
ReplyDeleteReference: http://www.aetachildren.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=10:who-are-the-aetas&Itemid=6
The Aetas are the aborigines of the Philippines, they are considered to be the first migrants to the Philippines where Mt. Pinatubo was set to be their homeland. The people never really progressed economically and later in the year 1991, the volcano violently erupted forcing the people to abandon the area making their situation even worse.
In accordance to Fernie and Pithkethley’s theory where migration is usually forced and impelled, in the conservative manner, the people are forced to leave due to the effects of natural disaster. In the Aeta’s situation, it is undeniable that forced migration is present and the people truly struggled for their survival after the effects of the volcanic eruption.
Jo Leah Asinas
ReplyDeletehttp://www.drowningislands.com/maldives/
Maldives is said to only be 1.3 meter above sea level.A rise of about 3 feet would eventually submerge the island and make it unihabitable. Furthermore, small increases on the sea level will worsen the current environmental situation such as flooding due to waves coming from storms far away. In year 2007, series of flooding forced the evacuation of more than 1,600 people from their homes and damaged more than 500 housing units.
This is an example of impelled migration because the citizens were forced to migrate due natural circumstances. The flood was the the reason why they were forced to migrate. There is a need for them to migrate in order to maintain their safety.
Tamaray, Lawrence G.
ReplyDeletehttps://www.google.com.ph/amp/s/www.aljazeera.com/amp/indepth/features/2017/08/rohingya-muslims-170831065142812.html
The Rohingya are a Muslim minority in Buddhist Myanmar amounting into 1.1 million living in the Rakhine state and are not allowed to leave without government permission. They have been denied citizenship since 1982 and are therefore rendered stateless. The mass violence has compelled the Rohingya to flee from Myanmar through boat and land. Their persecution has been broadcast worldwide and the Burmese government has seemingly turned a blind eye towards the violence they inflict upon the minorities.
The theory of Ferney and Pitkethley of forced or compelled migration is applicable to the situation of the Rohingya. The Rohingya were compelled to flee Burma because of persecution brought about by their own government. They had no choice other than to leave or be subjected to violence and discrimination brought about by their own kind. One of the main reasons of compelled migration is violence and/or persecution towards the people and it is exactly the reason why the Rohingya migrated.
https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/fs113-97/
ReplyDeleteOn June 15, 1991 The second-largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century, and by far the largest eruption to affect a densely populated area, occurred at Mount Pinatubo that forced many people to evacuate the affected area.
The Theory of Fernie and Pitkethley. This Theory of Migration is usually forced or impelled. This theory can be applied in this event people are forced to relocate because they are located at the prone area. About 20,000 people, who had lived on the slopes of Mt. Pinatubo, were completely displaced until they can return back to their home.
Ruña, Ian Jasper V.
Carado, Ron Airah A.
ReplyDeleteSources:
https://www.google.com.ph/amp/s/qz.com/976659/its-time-to-start-considering-what-a-north-korean-refugee-crisis-would-look-like/amp/
https://www.google.com.ph/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.mtafki.hu/konyvtar/kiadv/FE2005/FE20053-4_403-414.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjNzqyb4MXZAhXCk5QKHcXrAvYQFjAIegQIBhAB&usg=AOvVaw18BwSzMol60dWB1su0ml79
MIGRATION OF NORTH KOREANS TO CHINA
Because of the repressed situation in North Korea, migrants coming from the country increases from time to time. On the other hand, Beijing considers North Koreans as "economic migrants" and doesn't need to offer protections agreed upon the UN's 1951 Refugee Covention. Beijing routinely returns "defectors" to their home country worrying that this might cause more influx of migrants. In the long run, there is a huge potential of mass migration if circumstances may allow but this might still be close to impossible.
Given the proximity of North Korea to China, Fernie and Pithkletley (1985) proposes that migration can happen when people or government are forced or exiled. The situation of famine and oppression had led s number of North Koreans to cross borders with China. This has caused a small-scale migration to take place with the defectors leaving them with no choice as the theory suggests. Access to the real figures of migration in North Korea is still a challenge to the Human Rights Watch.
Reyes, Christian James S.
ReplyDeleteSource: http://www.newnownext.com/gambia-yahya-jammeh-lgbt-gay/02/2017/
Gay people from the country of Gambia are possibly one of the most notable exiles that is still happening in the present time. Gay natives who choose to stay in the country are extremely discriminated and may even face torture. Even their president, President Yahya Jammeh, threatened gay people that he would vow to do barbaric acts such as slitting their throats if they would not leave the country. He is gravely against gay natives or even gay foreigners coming to his country. This is why gay people from Gambia are fleeing their own country in search for a better and safer environment.
Decision making theory would be the best representation for this scenario. The gay people from Gambia are given a choice whether they would stay or would move out of the country. If they choose to stay, then they get persecuted. If they decide to leave everything behind then they could find peace more. The decision of these gay people would determine their fates.
CARREON, CARLOS JR. G
ReplyDeleteThe 2015 Rohingya refugee crisis refers to the mass migration of thousands of Rohingya people from Myanmar (also known as Burma). They are also known as "boat people" by international media. Who fled traveled to SEA countries including Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand by boats via the waters of the Strait of Malacca and the Andaman Sea. The Rohingya individuals are a Muslim minority bunch living in the western territory of Rakhine, Myanmar, in the past known as Arakan. The religion of this ethnic gathering is a variety of the Sunni religion. The Rohingya individuals are viewed as "stateless entities" as the Myanmar government does not remember them as an ethnic gathering.
Because of this event we can connect it to the decision making theory. They decided to wander around because they were forced by circumstances. Since they are living in the boat and considered stateless, there is no government that protects them and no land to go to. The Myanmar government even persecute them and killed thus they decided to flee their homes. The Rohingyan people opted to escape the violence of the government. For self preservation, they leave their homes and went to the nearest countries around them. The decision that they need to do to live.
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-41566561
Gulapa, Anna Margarita E.
ReplyDeleteSource:
https://www.iom.int/press-room/migrant-stories?page=2
Intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) have been flocking to the Republic of Korea (ROK), thanks to the incumbent government’s policies. Seoul declared last March that it will host 50 intergovernmental organizations until 2020. Incheon, the third largest city in Korea, has established G-Tower in Songdo district, purely to host intergovernmental organizations. Songdo district hosted the Green Climate Fund and the World Bank last December. Considering most of the organizations are headquartered in Europe or America, Korea is doing very well.
The kionova theory is applicable in this article because as what is kionova thoery says 'Diasporas are agents of democratization'. They participate in pro-democratic action for and challenge sovereignty in their homeland. In which, it can be seen in this article because they propose a new idea for the country.
Cay, Lester
ReplyDeletehttps://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/migration-asia-pacific-region
In the 1980s, Vietnamese workers were recruited by the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, and the German Democratic Republic. Although often called trainees, these migrants shared many of the characteristics of contract workers. After German reunification in 1990, many remained.
The theory of Fernie and Pithkethley that uses the concept of innovative meaning you transfer because you want to develop on your work or education. Many of the vietnamese people were recruited to work abroad. Because working abroad will make them develop in terms of skills. And they also get higher salaries compared to their respective country